Mk 4.0
Nov. 2002
Building Instructions, Photos, and
Schematics
Circiut for Increasing Rotor Torque While Lowering Power Demand
The Double-Parallel Resonant LRC Circuit
Idea for the design came from the study and research of many of the other people that have experimented with such things. My design reminds me of certain aspects of the Nikola Tesla Patent #577,670 but has probably some good aspects of other inventors rolled into one. It is the combination of all that have gone before me plus me. My design can be improved and somwhat simplifed by using bifilar coils and therefore increasing the high voltage trasformer effect.
I think that there are many different ways to make an OU machine. I now believe that one good way is something similar to the Jankle motor. There is lots of torque and that's what is needed for these things to be really practical. This could be made better as well by the use of a horseshoe or caliper type of arrangement on the rotor as pointed earlier in many of the different discussion groups . I believe that the Bedini patent shows the use of the free attraction phase of the rotor to the magnet increased by the use of stationary magnets making a complete path for the flux for half a cycle of the stator to stator rotation.
One "Free" part is the attraction of the rotor to the stator.
The next "Free" part is the pulse put into the coil. If done properly it can be almost fully recovered so that the torque imparted to the rotor is free or very close to it.
Most people working with recovery seem to put it back into another battery for re-use after the 'run' battery has discharged. What I propose is something like a 'diode H bridge' kind of setup that uses two batteries, two switches, two caps, and two pairs (or more) of coils - all identical. The caps are both in parallel with their respective batteries and each battery has a pair of diodes that will only allow voltage to flow OUT from the battery to the cap only. In this way, the cap can gain a higher voltage without leaking it back to the battery and the battery can only supply voltage to the cap when the cap is below battery voltage.
Have these two circuits firing alternately. So far so good....
Now add the recapture diode pairs from each cap to the opposite cap. Each cap then becomes both a supply cap and a recovery cap but only at opposite times.
In my little theoretical prediction, the voltage in each cap should rise above the battery voltage and will be transferred to rotor motion. The motor itself, self-absorbs the recovery by re-using it right away in the next pulse on top of what the battery voltage can provide.
The pulse that you send to stop the latch back is sent at just the right point and stopped at just the right point. The rpm would ideally be controlled by a variable DC voltage supply. At a certain critical rpm, it would seem that you can turn your pulse coil into a transformer. We all know that a transformer operates at almost 100 % efficiency. If you can recover 100% of your input pulse, then ALL of you shaft power is Free. The trick with a resonant power amplification process in physics is that some (or all) of the energy from the previous wave or pulse is ADDED to the next wave or pulse causing an increase in amplitude of the next succeeding wave or in this case voltage rise per pulse. If you send this pulse to a 'charge' battery, then you will have to deal with more resistance in your amplification processes to get that energy into the next pulse.
If you have say a 6 pole rotor I believe it would be best to make the motor with 12, 18 or for really smooth low speed power 24 coils. It is almost the same principle of a step motor. The trick is NOT to have too much free wheel action in the rotor. The coils should be placed so that the magnetic interaction from stator to next stator is strong, quick, and abrupt. The idea is that the minimum torque value (T=ftlb or Nm) is the radius times the force needed to move the rotor to the next stator. As you can see that a very powerful magnetic holding force is going to need a very powerful electromagnetic force Equal (or just over) in strength to accomplish this hence a very large current. But who cares how much energy you give it if you get it all back eh? Give to the world and it will give back ... was it - tenfold?
So if you wind a bifilar or better yet, a trifilar coil, and connect the two secondary winds of the trifilar in series to double the induction voltage (or triple it or?) of the original input pulse and send this to a cap that already has a charge in it for its next pulse, - the induction voltage adds its energy to the cap and you now have a higher potential to put into your solenoid - (transformer) AGAIN. For the next pulse!!
Hear you can see the reed switch placement that is needed to get the low duty cycle and to prevent overlapping of the two switches in time or they fuse together. |
Again you can see the reed swtich just barely over the rotor magnet and the "action" glass end above the plexiglass support. |
Rotor Construction Details - See Mk 3.0
Stator Construction Details - See Mk 3.0
Switch Details - See Mk 2.0
 The coils are piared into two 'banks' that each have thier own switch, cap and battery. |
Here you can see the Red lead from reed switch 1 on coil bank A, and the Yellow lead for reed switch 2 on coil bank B. |
 The shaft goes through a hole in the plexiglass where a piece of plastic that houses the three bearings is screwd to the plexiglass from undernieth. |
 Notice the positions of the four diodes in the circuit above. |
 Stator and magnet clearance. |
 I have found this the optimal way to get the least duty cycle out of my reed switch, is by mountng it so just a small part of the round terminal is near the magnet. |
Nov. 2002
Test Results, Discoveries &
Conclusions
*Note: The voltage measurements in the following tests were measured off of the capacitors and not the batteries as I do not have enough equipment to mesure all at once. I did however, measure the voltage on the run battery increase when the opposite battery is hooked up. I thought it better to monitor the caps for saftey reasons as it can be dangerous to over charge them. Ths should not really interfere with the ratios of measuring in vs. out.
Two 3.4 ohm coils in series for circuit A.
Two 3.4 ohm coils in series for circuit B.
A 10,000 uf cap is in parallel across each battery.
Each pair of coils is run off a separate battery. The coils are fired through a reed switch timed off the motor magnets. The inductive backspike is fed to the opposite cap and used in the next pulse.
Rotor=125 mm diameter=393 mm circumference.
Duty measured off rotor=45mm times 4 poles=45.8% for each circuit.
11.7V @ 6.8 ohms.=1.72 amps
1.72 amps times 45.8%
=0.78776 amps(avg) per circuit
0.78776 amps times two circuits
=1.57552 amps
Maximum Measured: 2554.5 rpm or 170.3 Hz. timed off rotor magnets
times 60 seconds divide by 4 poles
= 2554.5 rpm
Each Circuit Running Separately;
Circuit A running measured 120 Hz or 1800 rpm @ ~0.22 amp measured through
an analog meter.
Circuit B running measured 124 Hz or 1860 rpm @ ~0.22 amp measured through an
analog meter.
Both Circuits Running Together;
Circuit A running measured 170.3 Hz or 2554.5 rpm @ ~0.1 amp measured
through an analog meter.
Circuit B running measured 170.3 Hz or 2554.5 rpm @ ~0.1 amp measured through
an analog meter.
1.72 amp times 45.8% duty cycle times 2 circuits
=1.57552 amps times 11.7V
=18.4 Watts Total Maximum Input.
The Average of Circuit A and B Running Separately;
0.3 amps times 11.7 volts
=3.51 Total Watts Input @ 45.8% duty 124 Hz or
1860 rpm.
Circuit A & B Running Together;
0.1 amps times 11.7 volts
=1.17 watts for each circuit.
1.17 watts times two circuits @ 45.8% duty
= 2.34 Total Watts Input @ 91.6% combined duty
170.3 Hz or 2554.5 rpm
Circuit A=3.51 Total watts input @ 45.8% duty 124 Hz or 1860 rpm.
Circuit A+B=2.34 Total Watts Input @ 91.6% combined duty 170.3 Hz or 2554.5
rpm
A+B uses 2/3rds the power of A or B running alone.
Or, A or B alone use 1.5 times that of A+B running together.
The Average of Circuit A and B Running Separately;
Time duration also can be referred to as wave lentgh or lambda. Lamda=1/f. But in this case is a double cycle of positve and negative, or on vs. off, so I am factoring this into my newer work with negative induction slope vs. rpm.
Single Power Switching - one(recovery) 'floating' at ~ 7 - 9 Volts =124 cps
Double Power Switching=340.6 cps
mass=~ 1 kg
r=6.5 cm=0.065 meters
I=1/2mr^2=0.0019531
f1=124/4 poles=31 cycles/sec
f2=170.3/4 poles=42.575 cycles/sec
KE1=1860 rpm @ 124 Hz
w=2pi*f=194.77874 rad/sec
KE1=1/2Iw^2
=37.05 joules
KE2=2554.5 rpm @ 170.3 Hz
w=2pi*f=267.50661 rad/sec
KE=1/2Iw^2
=69.88 joules
KE2=1.89*KE1
CAUTION: The information here is for educational purposes only. Any attempt at replication is done at full liability of the one replicating it. These motors can develop high rpm and high voltage depending on how they are designed. Build and operate at you own risk!
email me: motorlab@shaw.ca
For the copy-right/claim© 2001-3 by:
Ian
Coke-Richards and The MintakaFulcrum and may be freely distributed with due
respect. Not for commercial purposes without permission and licence from the
author. All commercial uses are subject to the terms of the user
licence.